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A Study of Universal Zero-Knowledge Proof Circuit-based Virtual Machines that Validate General Operations & Reduce Transaction Validation

SoonHyeong Jeong¹ and Byeongtae Ahn²

1. Onther Inc., 527, Gangnam-daero, Seocho-gu
   Seoul, Republic of Korea
   kevin.j@onther.io
2. Liberal & Arts College, Anyang University, 22, 37-Beongil
   Samdeok-Ro, Manan-Gu, Anyang 430-714, South Korea
   ahnbt@ anyang.ac.kr

Abstract

Recently, blockchain technology accumulates and stores all transactions. Therefore, in order to verify the contents of all transactions, the data itself is compressed, but the scalability is limited. In addition, since a separate verification algorithm is used for each type of transaction, the verification burden increases as the size of the transaction increases. Existing blockchain cannot participate in the network because it does not become a block sink by using a server with a low specification. Due to this problem, as the time passes, the data size of the blockchain network becomes larger and it becomes impossible to participate in the network except for users with abundant resources. Therefore, in this paper, we studied the zero knowledge proof algorithm for general operation verification. In this system, the design of zero-knowledge circuit generator capable of general operation verification and optimization of verifier and prover were also conducted. Also, we developed an algorithm for optimizing key generation. Based on all of these, the zero-knowledge proof algorithm was applied to and tested on the virtual machine so that it can be used universally on all blockchains.

Key words

Zero-Knowledge, validation, transaction, BlockChain, Ethereum

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

https://doi.org/10.2298/CSIS200322006J

Publication information

Volume 18, Issue 2 (April 2021)
Special Issue on Emerging Services in the Next-Generation Web: Human Meets Artificial Intelligence
Year of Publication: 2021
ISSN: 2406-1018 (Online)
Publisher: ComSIS Consortium

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How to cite

Jeong, S., Ahn, B.: A Study of Universal Zero-Knowledge Proof Circuit-based Virtual Machines that Validate General Operations & Reduce Transaction Validation. Computer Science and Information Systems, Vol. 18, No. 2, 481–497. (2021), https://doi.org/10.2298/CSIS200322006J